Stable Gallery, New York, Rauschenberg: Paintings and Sculpture, September 15–October 3, 1953. 

Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Robert Rauschenberg: The Early 1950s, June 15–August 11, 1991. Organized by Menil Collection, Houston. Traveled to Menil Collection, Houston, September 27, 1991–January 5, 1992; Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago, February 8–April 19, 1992; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, May 14–August 16, 1992; Guggenheim Museum SoHo, New York, October 24, 1992–January 24, 1993. 

Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Texas, Robert Rauschenberg: Sculpture, October 22–December 31, 1995. Traveled to Museum of Contemporary Art, North Miami, Fla., April 26–July 28, 1996. no. 55

Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, Robert Rauschenberg: A Retrospective, September 19, 1997–January 7, 1998 (also Guggenheim Museum SoHo, New York, September 19, 1997–January 4, 1998, and Ace Gallery, New York, September 19–November 9, 1997). Traveled to Menil Collection, Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, and Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, February 13–May 17, 1998; Museum Ludwig, Cologne (as Robert Rauschenberg: Retrospektive), June 27–October 11, 1998; Museo Guggenheim Bilbao (as Robert Rauschenberg: Retrospectiva), November 21, 1998–March 7, 1999. no. 56

Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona, Art i utopia: L’acció restringida (Arte y utopía: La acción restringida/Art and Utopia: Action Restricted), June 3–September 12, 2004. Traveled to Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nantes, France (as L’action restreinte: L’art moderne selon Mallarmé), April 8–July 3, 2005. no. 594 (shown in Barcelona only)

Gagosian Gallery, New York, Robert Rauschenberg, October 29, 2010–January 15, 2011. 

Craig F. Starr Gallery, New York, Robert Rauschenberg: The Fulton Street Studio, 1953–1954, April 4–May 23, 2014. no. 8

Tate Modern, London, Robert Rauschenberg, December 1, 2016–April 2, 2017. Organized with Museum of Modern Art, New York. Traveled to Museum of Modern Art, New York (as Robert Rauschenberg: Among Friends), May 21–September 17, 2017; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (as Robert Rauschenberg: Erasing the Rules), November 18, 2017–March 25, 2018. 

Museum Brandhorst, Munich, Fünf Freunde: John Cage, Merce Cunningham, Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg, Cy Twombly (Five Friends: John Cage, Merce Cunningham, Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg, Cy Twombly), April 10–August 17, 2025. Traveled to Museum Ludwig, Cologne, October 3, 2025–January 11, 2026. 

Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, Rauschenberg Sculpture, January 31–April 26, 2026. 

Fitzsimmons, James. “Art.” Arts and Architecture 70, no. 10 (October 1953). p. 34

Feinstein, Roni. “The Early Work of Robert Rauschenberg: The White Paintings, the Black Paintings, and the Elemental Sculptures.” Arts Magazine (New York) 61, no. 1 (September 1986). p. 33 (ill.)

Hopps, Walter. Robert Rauschenberg: The Early 1950s. Houston: Menil Collection; Houston Fine Art Press, 1991. Exhibition catalogue. pp. 155–56, 174 (pl. 101)

Larson, Kay. “Zen and the Art.” New York 25, no. 45 (November 16, 1992). p. 90

Turrell, Julia Brown, ed. Rauschenberg Sculpture. Fort Worth, Texas: Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, 1995. Exhibition catalogue. no. 55, p. 65, 65 (pl. 55)

Hopps, Walter, and Susan Davidson. Robert Rauschenberg: A Retrospective. New York: Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, 1997. Exhibition catalogue. no. 56, p. 86 (pl. 56)

Doran, Anne, and Walter Hopps. “Robert Rauschenberg: Here Comes Everybody.” Atlántica: Revista de las artes (Las Palmas, Spain), no. 21 (1998). p. 155

Chevrier, Jean-François. Art and Utopia: Limited Action. Barcelona: Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona, 2005. Exhibition catalogue. no. 594, pp. 277 (ill.), 409

Robert Rauschenberg. New York: Gagosian Gallery, 2010. Exhibition catalogue. p. 49 (ill.)

Robert Rauschenberg: The Fulton Street Studio, 1953–54. New York: Craig F. Starr Gallery, 2014. Exhibition catalogue. no. 8, n.p. (ill.)

Butler, Karen. “Robert Rauschenberg.” Artforum 52, no. 10 (Summer 2014). p. 367

Dickerman, Leah, and Achim Borchardt-Hume. Robert Rauschenberg. New York: Museum of Modern Art; London: Tate Publishing, 2016. Exhibition catalogue. pp. 64, 92, 115 (pl. 77)

Robert Rauschenberg: Sympathy for Abandoned Objects. New York: Gladstone, 2025. Exhibition catalogue. p. 12, 12 (fig. 2)

Dziewior, Yilmaz, and Achim Hochdörfer, with Arthur Fink, eds. Five Friends: John Cage, Merce Cunningham, Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg, Cy Twombly. Munich: Museum Brandhorst; Cologne: Museum Ludwig, 2025. Exhibition catalogue. pp. 96 (ill.), 321