Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Robert Rauschenberg: The Early 1950s, June 15–August 11, 1991. Organized by Menil Collection, Houston. Traveled to Menil Collection, Houston, September 27, 1991–January 5, 1992; Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago, February 8–April 19, 1992; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, May 14–August 16, 1992; Guggenheim Museum SoHo, New York, October 24, 1992–January 24, 1993. 

Matthew Marks Gallery, New York, Open Secrets: Seventy Pictures on Paper 1815 to the Present, November 19–December 28, 1996. Traveled to Fraenkel Gallery, San Francisco, January 16–March 1, 1997. 

Arnolfini, Bristol, Starting at Zero: Black Mountain College 1933–57, November 5, 2005–January 15, 2006. Traveled to Kettle’s Yard, Cambridge, U.K., January 28–April 2, 2006. 

Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center, Asheville, N.C., Jack Tworkov: Accident of Choice; The Artist at Black Mountain College 1952, June 17–September 17, 2011. 

Sundaram Tagore Gallery, New York, Edith Schloss: Still Life, Myths, and Mountains, A Retrospective, February 26–March 28, 2015. Organized with Norte Maar for Collaborative Projects in the Arts, Brooklyn, N.Y.. 

Pace Gallery, New York, Blackness in Abstraction, June 24–August 19, 2016. 

Ordovas, London, Artists and Lovers, September 16–October 29, 2016. Traveled to Ordovas, New York, November 4, 2016–January 7, 2017. 

Luxembourg + Co., London, Lost in Italy, May 6–July 24, 2021. 

Feinstein, Roni. “The Early Work of Robert Rauschenberg: The White Paintings, the Black Paintings, and the Elemental Sculptures.” Arts Magazine (New York) 61, no. 1 (September 1986). p. 35

Feinstein, Roni. “Random Order: The First Fifteen Years of Robert Rauschenberg’s Art, 1949–1964.” PhD diss., New York University, 1990. ProQuest (303859753). p. 109, n.p. (fig. 27)

Hopps, Walter. Robert Rauschenberg: The Early 1950s. Houston: Menil Collection; Houston Fine Art Press, 1991. Exhibition catalogue. pp. 63, 68–69, 96 (pl. 43), as Untitled [black painting on paper]

Wainwright, Lisa. “Reading Junk: Thematic Imagery in the Art of Robert Rauschenberg from 1952 to 1964.” PhD diss., University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1993. ProQuest (304050074). pp. xvi, 173, as Untitled [black painting on paper]

Celant, Germano, ed. Roma–New York, 1948–1964: An Art Exploration. Milan: Charta, 1993. Exhibition catalogue. p. 22, as Untitled [black painting on paper] (not exhibited)

Open Secrets: Seventy Pictures on Paper 1815 to the Present. San Francisco: Fraenkel Gallery; New York: Matthew Marks Gallery, 1996. Exhibition catalogue. n.p. (pl. 61), as Untitled (Black Painting on Paper)

Starting at Zero: Black Mountain College 1933–57. Bristol: Arnolfini; Cambridge, U.K.: Kettle’s Yard, 2005. Exhibition catalogue. p. 115

Rosenthal, Stephanie. Black Paintings. Translated by Büro Sieveking. Munich: Haus der Kunst; Ostfildern, Germany: Hatje Cantz, 2006. Exhibition catalogue. no. 9, p. 122 (pl. 9), Untitled (black painting on paper) (not exhibited)

Jack Tworkov: Accident of Choice; The Artist at Black Mountain College 1952. Asheville, N.C.: Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center, 2011. Exhibition catalogue. p. 87 (ill.), as Untitled (black painting on paper)

Edwards, Adrienne. Blackness in Abstraction. New York: Pace Gallery, 2016. Exhibition catalogue. pp. 148, 149 (ill.), as Untitled (black painting on paper with collage)

Artists and Lovers. London: Ordovas, 2016. Exhibition catalogue. pp. 114, 117 (ill.), 120, 127 (ill.), 140, as Untitled (black painting on paper with collage)

Lost in Italy. London: Luxembourg + Co., 2021. Exhibition catalogue. pp. 44 (ill. [install]), 49 (ill.), 72 (ill. [install]), as Untitled (black painting on paper)